A new perspective on the language of onqelos and jonathan. It originated, like targum onkelus, in the synagogue reading of a translation from the prophets, together with the weekly lesson the talmud attributes its authorship to jonathan ben uzziel, a pupil of hillel the elder. Some of the targums, particularly onqelos on the torah and jonathan on the prophets, are still used extensively in orthodox judaism today. The targums of onkelos and jonathan ben uzziel on the pentateuch. Get online free targum pseudo jonathan the targums volume 3 ebooks in ebook format, pdf, microsoft word, or a kindle book. In some cases where the meaning of a passage is unclear, we may be able to better understand what the passage intends to say if we can understand the logic of the targum in question. The targum is useful today to help the modern interpreter understand how certain groups or even a large portion of the population understood a certain passage. May 07, 20 the two complete versions of the palestinian targum that survive are targum neofiti, a complete codex that was only discovered in 1956 in the vatican library. At the beginning min avella the lord created the heavens and the earth. Sep 18, 2016 nas partes onde e a traducao pura, muitas vezes concorda com o onkelos. And the earth was vacancy and desolation, solitary of the sons of men, and void of every animal. The tomb of jonathan ben uzziel is shown on the face of a hill to the north of safed, palestine. The targums of onkelos and jonathan ben uzziel on the. Characteristics of the different targums 1 onqelosthe man characteristics of his targum 2 the targum of jonathan ben uzziel on the prophets.
It is an undecided question where they originated and whether they ever belonged to the same. The word targum comes from the hebrew word, which means translation. Targum of jonathan to the prophets 1907 pdf original bible. To attribute this targum to jonathan ben uzziel flatly contradicts the talmudic tradition megillah 3a, which quite clearly attributes the targum to neviim alone to him, while stating that there is no official targum to ketuvim. Targum hebrew union college jewish institute of religion. Targum definition is an aramaic translation or paraphrase of a portion of the old testament. Targum pseudojonathan is a western targum translation of the torah pentateuch from the. Other targums of the pentateuch were considerably longer than the targum of onkelos. The latest of the rabbinic targums are those to the writings, the third division of the hebrew bible. Judging by the dialect of aramaic, they were composed at different times and places.
Targum jonathan is an aramaic translation of the hebrew bible that was made in the 2nd or 3rd centuries c. Translations of biblical passages are based on the new jps translation. Read or download free targum pseudo jonathan the targums volume 3 at full speed with limitless data transfer with simply one click. In the same printed versions, a similar fragment targum is. During the period of the second templeand for centuries afterwardaramaic was the everyday language of the jews. Megillah 3a which states jonathan ben uzziel composed the targum of the prophets not of the pentateuch. Read the text of targum jonathan on isaiah online with commentaries and connections.
Targum obadiah a new translation by thomas lenihan. The targums are the aramaic translationsor rather paraphrasesof the books of the old testament, and, in their earliest form, date from the time when aramaic superseded hebrew as the spoken language of the jews. It is a composite of the old palestinian targum and an early version of onkelos with an admixture of material from diverse periods. In talmudic times, the targum was read versebyverse, alternating with the hebrew text of the haftarah. Targum of jonathan to the prophets 1907 in pdf targum jonathan otherwise referred to as targum yonasanyonatan is the official eastern babylonian targum to the neviim. Authorship of the targum is attributed to jonathan ben uzziel, a prime student of the great talmudic sage hillel. Other targums include the targum of pseudo jonathan, the samaritan targum, and the targum of jonathan ben uzziel. Are you looking for targum pseudo jonathan the targums volume 3 ebook to read. The targums of onkelos and jonathan ben uzziel on the pentateuch with the fragments of the jerusalem targum tr from the chaldee by j w etheridge. Full text of targum jonathan to the prophets see other formats.
But because of a printers mistake it was later labeled targum jonathan, in reference to jonathan ben uzziel. Israel, and the torah in the ancient jewish targum translations of. Its correct title was originally targum yerushalmi jerusalem targum, which is how it was known in medieval times. Giving you holy bibles the way they were originally printed. The targum of job, targum of psalms, and targum of chronicles are all similar in language to the pseudo jonathan targum. Targum obadiah a new translation by thomas lenihan, 2015. The targum of jonathan ben uzziel on the pentateuch. One might add that some other rabbinic traditions maintain. Its overall style is very similar to that of targum onkelos to the pentateuch, though at times it seems to be a looser paraphrase of the biblical text.
They, as well as the pseudo jonathan targum, have often been designated as the palestinian targum, or the jerusalem targum. Targum pseudo jonathan is a western targum translation of the torah pentateuch from the land of israel. Targum jonathan to the prophets, the palestinian targums known to him i. Other articles where targum pseudo jonathan is discussed. Avot of rabbi natan pirke derabbi eliezer tanna devei eliyahu alphabet of sirach. In all the many quotations from targum jonathan there is no single reference to jonathan. Diezmacho reported that he had discovered that a palimpsest in the vatican museum, known as neofiti i, was actually a complete copy of the palestinian targum. Targum jonathan of the former prophets the aramaic bible this volume is not without its problems and should be used with care. In contrast to two other targums, jerusalem ii and iii, which are highly fragmentary, pseudo jonathan jerusalem i is virtually complete. There is an ancient tradition in orthodox judaism where the hebrew torah portion is read twice weekly and once from the aramaic targum.
Scholars refer to this targum as targum pseudo jonathan. And the creatures of the heavens and earth, and all the hosts of them, were completed. Targum jonathan otherwise referred to as targum yonasanyonatan, is the official eastern. The targum of job was skid to have been already written, but was buried by gamaliel.
Some editions of the pentateuch continue to call it targum jonathan to. However, its early origins may have been western, in israel. In contrast to two other targums, jerusalem ii and iii, which are highly fragmentary, pseudojonathan jerusalem i is virtually complete. Full text of targum jonathan to the prophets internet archive. Incorrectly attributed to jonathan ben uzziel, this targum, part of the palestinian targums, has been call pseudo jonathan to rectify this mistaken identification.
These alterations reveal important information about second. The targums of onkelos and jonathan ben uzziel internet archive. Speak to the sons of israel, that they return back, and encamp before the mouths of hiratha, as they lie, created after the manner likeness of the children of men, male and female, and their eyes open to them. The value and significance of the targumstranslations of the hebrew bible into aramaic, the language of palestinian jews for centuries following the babylonian exilelie in their approach to translation. The targums also demonstrate the diversity of ancient judaism, sometimes disagreeing with each other, sometimes differing in interpretation from material found in the mishnah or the talmuds. And thou shalt number to thee seven sabbaths of years, seven times seven years, and they shall be to thee the sum of the days of seven sabbaths or remissions, shemittin of years, forty and nine years. The relevance of the targums aramaic translations of the hebrew bible for the understanding of the new testament has been a matter of dispute over the past three hundred years, principally by reason of the late date of the targum manuscripts and the nature of the aramaic. Beside the standard text of targum jonathan, numerous fragments of aramaic translations of these biblical books are contained in rabbinic literature goshengottstein. Targum onkelos or unkelus is the official eastern babylonian targum aramaic translation to the torah. This targum is known as pseudo jonathan, because a common abbreviation for it in the. One which has been preserved in rather complete form has been called the pseudo jonathan targum because at one time it was thought to have been written by the author of the bestknown targum on the books of the prophets see below.
Targum pseudo jonathan is a western targum translation of the torah pentateuch from the land of israel as opposed to the eastern babylonian targum onkelos. If one might believe the talmudic traditions, jonathans targum was committed to writing before that of onqelos. Free ebook download targum pseudojonathan the targums. Pseudo jonathan provides us with a translation of almost every verse of the pentateuch. Dating targum pseudo jonathan, targum studies vol 1, ed. Targum onkelos the targums volume 1 onkelos, rose, tov on. Nas partes onde e a traducao pura, muitas vezes concorda com o onkelos. The value and significance of the targums translations of the hebrew bible into aramaic, the language of palestinian jews for centuries following the babylonian exilelie in their approach to translation. Pdf targum jonathan to the prophets steven d fraade. Etheridge, ma 1862, 1865 the original title of the book is as stated above but whether it refers to jonathan or pseudo jonathan is subject to debate for example, please see b. Targum pseudo jonathan know as targum jonathan in rabbinic bibles, but referred to as yerushalmi i in jastrows dictionary of rabbinic hebrew and aramaic. It is said to have been exhumed and that the present targum on that book is from jonathan s hand.
Jonathan is regarded as the contemporary of the first gamaliel, whereas onqelos is the friend of aqiba, the contemporary of hadrian. Targums of onkelos and jonathan uzziel genesis and exodus 1862 in pdf targum onkelos or unkelus, is the official eastern babylonian targum aramaic translation to the torah. Targum jonathan otherwise referred to as targum yonasanyonatan is the official. Its correct title is targum yerushalmi jerusalem targum, which is how it was known in medieval times. Targum pseudo jonathan and onkelos, an 1892 translation by j. Targum jonathan is an aramaic translation of the neviim prophets. Other articles where targum pseudojonathan is discussed. Targum jonathan, otherwise referred to as targum yonasanyonatan, is the official eastern babylonian targum to the neviim. Targum onqelos onkelos targum onqelos is the official eastern translation of the torah in aramaic. Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Targum jonathan to the prophets by churgin, pinkhos, 1894publication date. Targum pseudojonathan is a western targum translation of the torah pentateuch from the land of israel as opposed to the eastern babylonian targum.
Jastrow and dalman, in the tradition of buxtorf, attempted to treat all the vocabulary found in rabbinic literature, both hebrew and aramaic. Targum pseudojonathan biblical literature britannica. You can read online the targums here in pdf, epub, mobi or docx formats. According to this source, it was composed by jonathan ben uzziel from the mouths of haggai, zechariah, and malachi, implying that it was based on traditions derived. This particular targum is read in synagogues after the reading of the hebrew text. Pentateuch targum pseudojonathan and onkelos, an 1892 translation by j. Its authorship is attributed to onkelos, a famous convert to judaism in tannaic times c. The best known, most literal, and possibly the earliest targum is the targum of onkelos on the pentateuch, which appeared in its final revision in the 3rd century ad.
1515 1474 83 609 1110 1424 1608 578 1391 1442 196 1107 903 332 1340 988 1188 678 1193 1232 955 499 1624 736 856 19 1568 1035 114 1483 1237 407 1477 944 65 1305 814 1091 1113